Sunday, February 23, 2020
Glial Derived Neurotrophic Factor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Glial Derived Neurotrophic Factor - Essay Example Glial Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) is a naturally occurring protein found in the brain and there is evidence that GDNF is necessary for normal neuromuscular development and survival. In 1994 Amgen Inc. acquired the patent for synthetic GDNF. After a series of animal trials and pre-clinical trials, Phase-I trials began in 2001-2002 in the UK and at the University of Kentucky. These trials showed significant improvement for the participants and researchers at Bristol UK remarked, "Within a couple of months, patients were noticing dramatic improvements in their ability to move". Similar results were reported from the Kentucky trials, which noted, "...there appeared to be bilateral improvements, including improved postural stability [...] evidence of improved affect and fine motor control and speed". GDNF appeared to be a promising breakthrough. Based on the previous favorable results, Amgen initiated Phase-II trials involving 34 patients in 2003. However, by 2004 GDNF had been shown to cause brain lesions in primate tests and Amgen immediately halted the testing. It was noted by researchers that the primates had been given a dose 10 times that of the human participants and there was overwhelming evidence that the lesions were caused by the sudden withdrawal of GDNF.
Friday, February 7, 2020
Job Application Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Job Application - Essay Example Another means that I process requests are the correspondence between PCDUOââ¬â¢s and other Customer Service. The bulk of the correspondences are requests for processing claims and reviewing and or verifying of claims if processed correctly. The tasks also involve me having to write sent back letters to an inquisitor regarding balance billing, letter of credible coverage, or explaining to a provider why a claim is either denied correctly or paid correctly, and to submit an appeal if itââ¬â¢s an appealable denial. Be it a correspondence in STELLENT or PCDUO, I would carefully analyze each requests and cross reference it to the CHAMPVA policy manual and CSC/CPD desk procedures to determine whether to do a send back letter to the inquisitor, or to have the claim reprocessed. If a claim needs to be reprocessed, I would place the request through the ââ¬Å"reprocessing worksheetâ⬠to inform CPD why the claim was denied, how much to pay the provider, whether to over ride timely f iling because evidence exist of timely submission, and give the specific instructions on how to reprocess the claim. My dedication to effective communication speaks well during my tenure since all my written correspondence, not once did I received a send back letter from a Supervisor or a ââ¬Å"reprocessing worksheetâ⬠from CDP due to inaccurate or incomplete data. I always make sure that I check the policy manual and or CSC/CPD desk procedures and reference it to my correspondence to ensure efficacy and factualness of my judgment. Another example wherein I used my written communication skills to obtain needed information to respond to inquiries and provide information was when I was on active duty as a Guardsman in the Air Force. Being part of the chain of command, I would respond to daily inquiries through email from senior commanders and from junior personnel that involves critical matters pertaining to deployments,
Wednesday, January 29, 2020
The Red Room Essay Example for Free
The Red Room Essay The story ââ¬ËThe Red Roomââ¬â¢ is written by H. G. Wells in 1896. The story is written in first person narrative the narrator is the 28 year old male who is very arrogant and boastful about never seeing a ghost. The story is being told by the main male character. The Red Room is based in a suspected haunted house called Lorraine Castle. The character is in Lorraine castle because he has been told it is haunted so is there to investigate if there are actually ghosts in the castle as he has been told there is. During the story the only thing that haunts him is his own fear and imagination. The man says ââ¬Å"in all its nakedness fear that will not have light nor sound, that will not bear with reason, that deafens and darkens and overwhelmsâ⬠this is saying that he wasnââ¬â¢t scared by anything but the fear of being haunted by something. After his experiences in the red room he concludes that the castle is not haunted by the ghost of earl nor the ghost of countess. The other characters in the story are the old people, this includes an old woman and two old men. The old woman is a very wise woman who lives in the house she has very pale eyes wide open which see gaze into the fire, she chooses the ignore the second old mans comments. The first old man has a withered arm and is wrinkled in the face, he dislikes the second old man as well. Then there is the last of the old people, the second old man. He walks with a crutch and is very wrinkled and old, the description we get of this old man in the story is ââ¬Å"He supported himself by a single crutch, his eyes were covered by a shade, and his lower lip, half averted, hung pale and pink from his decaying yellow teethâ⬠. He also has a nasty cough. The old people talk to the man like they have experience seeing the ghosts themselves repeating ââ¬Å"its your own choosingâ⬠meaning whatever happens to him in the red room will be a consequence of his actions in that room. Although the old woman is a very wise woman she says ââ¬Å"this night of all nights! â⬠maybe she is referring to an event happening that same night years ago like the death of the countess after her husband played a joke on her ââ¬Å"the tale of a timid wife and the tragic end that came to her husbandââ¬Ës jest of frightening herââ¬Å". The man says ââ¬ËI half suspected the old people were trying to enhance the spiritual terror of their house by their droning insistenceââ¬â¢. here he is referring to how the old people make him feel, he also suspects the old people of making more of the ghosts. Lorraine castle is a very big dark place with shadows overlooking every move you make. One of the old men gives the young man a list of directions to get to the red room this is showing that the castle is big. The rooms are big and decorated with ââ¬Å"deep-toned, old fashionedâ⬠furniture, the young man suspects a statue of a Ganymede and an Eagle is ââ¬Å"someone crouching to waylayâ⬠him. The long, chilly and dusty corridors lead to the spiralling staircase which takes you to the red room, the most haunted room in the house. The doors are covered with baize making these room look forbidden . The castle is lit up by candles and the moonlight which shines through the big windows. The red room is a very shadowy place coloured red and black with big bay windows. The candles and fire flicker with the draught coming in from the windows barely lighting up the room, rescuing it from the shadows that haunt the room ââ¬Å"had that indefinable quality of a presence, that odd suggestion of a lurking, living thingââ¬Å". The young man is very threatened by the darkness of the castle. ââ¬Å"Tonight of all nightsâ⬠that night could resemble the death of the young countess after her encounter with her husband. The fear of getting haunted by something got to much for the young man, making him go a bit crazy. Running back and forth to keep the room light relighting the candles that get blown out by the draught coming from both the young man running and the windows. He was so afraid of being haunted by the shadows ââ¬Å"the shadows I feared and fought against returned, and crept in upon meââ¬Å". When all the candles are fading out the man panics to get out of the red room quick, he ends up injuring himself on all the furniture ââ¬Ëa vague memory of battering myself thus, to and fro in the darknessââ¬â¢. Eventually he knocks himself out ââ¬Å"a horrible sensation of falling that lasted an age, of my last frantic effort to keep my footing, and then I remember no moreââ¬Å". When he wakes up, he is found my the old man with a withered arm, not being able to remember who he is ââ¬ËI seen to remember you, and yet I cannot remember who you areââ¬â¢. The man soon recovers his memory and is able to tell the old man about his experience in the red room. The young mans character changed dramatically during the story, he went from being over confident, arrogant not believing in ghosts to somebody that is absolutely terrified at the thought of being haunted and seeing a ghost. When the man tells the others that the room ââ¬Å"is hauntedâ⬠it seems like he is going to carry on and admit that the room is haunted, going back on what he said at the beginning of the story but he doesnââ¬â¢t, he builds up the tension ââ¬Å"there is neither ghost of earl nor ghost of countess in that room, there is no ghost there at all; but worse, far worse-â⬠and then tells them that the room is haunted by fear. So we donââ¬â¢t know what actually happened to the narrator in the red room, was he imagining it or was there actually a ghost?. My opinion on the effectiveness of the text as a ghost story is that it is not actually a ghost story, there isnââ¬â¢t a ghost that haunts the young man, it is fear. It is a classic scary story with darkness and fear lurking around, not knowing what is going to happen. Fear is uncontrollable, maybe it was fear that killed the young duke sending in flying down the stairs, just like it nearly killed the young man. Making him lose all his senses and go mad but he fought it and got out alive. Fear will always be there ââ¬Å"you can feel it even I the daytime, even of a bright summers day, in the hangings, in the curtains, keeping behind you however you face about itâ⬠ââ¬Å" there is Fear in that room of hersblack Fear, and there will beso long as this house of sin enduresâ⬠. Fear will be there until the house is destroyed.
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
Essay --
Identify and discuss factors that affect development and learning and the effects on the development of the individual. Specific reference will also be made to the physical and psychological changes and the effects of ageing on individuals, families and society. Development is the process in which every individual goes through; the process includes learning and acquiring skills, such as sitting, walking, talking and as the process continues the skills become more advanced such as; tying shoe laces. There are five main areas of development; Cognitive, Speech and Language, Social and Emotional, Fine motor skill and Gross motor skill, (Do2learn.com, 2013). According to (Oxforddictionaries.com, 2013), Learning is ââ¬Ëthe acquisition of knowledge or skills through study, experience, or being taught.ââ¬â¢ In the first half of this essay it will look at two main factors that contrast one another and affect development and learning, and the effects on the development of children and young people, whilst linking to theory. In the second half of the essay, concentration will be on ageing, focusing from early childhood to adolescence and the physical and psychological changes; alongside the effects on the child, family and society. There are many factors that can affect a childââ¬â¢s or young personââ¬â¢s development and learning; the two considered main factors are biological and social. These two factors are recognised as the nature versus nurture debate; the nature side of the debate believes that the way individuals behave and develop is a result of their genetics, whereas the nurture side believes that an individualââ¬â¢s behaviour and development is shaped by external factors. Focusing on the external factors, these are the factors that are said to influ... ...otionally act more like one. At this stage puberty takes place for both males and females, physically both bodies change in height, weight, and growth of pubic hair and the start of menstruation for females, (Tanner, 1962). There is a strong effect on the families or parents of the adolescent child as they donââ¬â¢t see the child as much. This is due to the adolescent child or teen beginning to strive for independence doing this by spending less time with their family and more with friendships, (Global Post, 2013). In conclusion with the essay focusing on effects of certain factors on development and learning it gave the opportunity to see how vital development is to a childââ¬â¢s growth in all areas of development as both positives and negatives were outlined. Alongside also focusing on ageing and the importance of the physical and psychological changes that take place.
Sunday, January 12, 2020
Project Management Written Assignment 1
2012-02-MAN-435-OL009: Project Management Written Assignment 1 1. Discuss the principal reasons why project management has become such a popular business tool in recent years. Business has changed in the past 20 or so years. Products are being produced more rapidly and with the introduction of globalization competition has become more abundant. There is a need to become more customer focused but at the same time quicker to market while still reducing cost. Doing business the old way is just not cutting it anymore. Project management gives companies the ability to focus on many things at once without losing focus on their core business model.Processes become projects that have a start and finish and can be tracked and quantified from beginning to end. Projects also give the company the ability to become more innovative by bringing people from different departments together. This promotes fresh thinking and upsets the status quo which is a good thing. 2. Suppose that you are in charge of a production line. What is expected of you as a process manager? Now suppose that you are assigned the task of making a radical change to the production process. What then would be expected of you as a project manager?As a process manager you are in charge of making sure the day to day operation is running smoothly and that you meet your immediate quotas. You are also in charge of managing people. Managing people includes disciplining workers when need and conflict resolution. A process manager, especially on the production line level is not involved in big picture thinking and only needs to be concerned with what is happening in their department. If I were tasked with revamping the production line my day-to-day would change drastically. My main focus would less about the process and more about the project.Instead of managing people directly it would be more about managing the project and the conflict resolution would be more focused on how to make the team members work together for the common goal. The project would probably be more big picture oriented instead of focused on just the task at hand. More would be expected of me than just meeting quota. 3. Describe the basic elements of the project life cycle. Why is an understanding of the project life cycle relevant for understanding project management? The project life cycle consists of the conceptualization phase, the planning phase, the execution phase, and the termination phase.Understanding the project lifecycle is important because it is the base of all project management. You take one phase out and the project will fail. You cannot start a project without a good scope, or blueprint. The project lifecycle is set up so that you cannot move on to the next stage in the cycle without going through the previous stage. I also want to mention the termination phase. This is where you terminate the project and put together a document that explains the delays and fixes that helped the project come to fruition. 4.Compare and contrast the three organizational structures discussed in the text: functional, project, and matrix. Provide examples that show the difference between the three, including some of the advantages and disadvantages of each. There are three main organizational structure types used in business today. They are functional, project and matrix. They each have their strong points and weaknesses. I will list the strengths and weaknesses of each while comparing them to each other. The functional structure is based around having similar activities grouped into departments. An example of this would be an accounting department.The strength of the functional structure is that you have a group of experts located in one department which makes choosing someone with a certain expertise more efficient. The weakness to this structure comes when you try to allocate people to projects. Their loyalty will always be to their function which usually puts the project on the back burner. The proje ct structure takes some of the stress of the project managers by making it so they donââ¬â¢t have to be second to a functional manager. They get full access to their own people and the loyalty is always on the project. The downfall to this structure is that they may have a lack of expertise.Especially since project structures usually go to external sources when needing a specific type of expertise. Therefore they lose that expertise when the project is completed. The matrix structure is good in that it combines strengths from both the functional structure and the project structure by placing the functional and project managers on the same level. The downfall comes when there is disagreement on where the resources should be best allocated. This structure involves more negotiating and politics than the other structures and takes a special skill set to be an effective project manager.
Saturday, January 4, 2020
St. Augustine s The Problem Of Evil - 1143 Words
Question: Explain how St. Augustine ultimately solves the ââ¬Å"problem of evilâ⬠in a way that is compatible with his Christian faith. Be sure to refer in your answer to the two aspects of his solution that we discussed in class- the one centring on the nature of evil itself, the other on why we sin. Do you agree that the problem has been solved adequately? Defend your answer. Introduction: ââ¬Å" Inside each of us there is the seed of both good and evil. It is a consistent struggle as to which one will win. One cannot exist without the other.â⬠ââ¬â Eric Burdon In this essay I will be discussing how St. Augustine ultimately solves the problem of evil, in a way that at times does go hand in hand with his religious views, however, at times contradicts what he is saying. In ââ¬Å" Confessionsâ⬠Augustine who although does not in any way question the existence of God questions why God, someone who is all powerful, and all good still allowing people to suffer the way in which they are. St. Augustine was born in the fourth century, (354 A.D. to be exact) . Augustine was born to a Christian mother and to a pagan father. Although Augustine struggled throughout his life he finally converted to Christianity and began his journey as a theological philosopher whom was one of the biggest influences on western Christianity. Augustine spent much of his life continuo usly learning and teaching new things even after he became a Priest and later Bishop. Augustine as you may already know is very famousShow MoreRelatedQuestions For A Philosopher On The Real World1505 Words à |à 7 Pages According to Augustine there are two essential questions for a philosopher examining the real world. The first question has to do with the human soul, in which we would concentrate on examining the self. And the second question has to do with God, which helps us better understand our existence. We become more capable of a happy life by getting to better know ourselves. However, the only way we can become truly happy is by getting to know who God is. By knowing both your self and by knowing who GodRead MoreUncle Tom s Cabin By Harriet Beecher Stowe Essay1351 Words à |à 6 PagesIn Uncle Tomââ¬â¢s Cabin, Harriet Beecher Stowe uses the character of Augustine St. Clare to play a very important role in expressing her views of abolition to the reader throughout the novel. St. Clare is, in himself, a huge contradiction of a character, as his way of life is supported by the same system that he despises, slavery. St. Clare professes multiple times in the book that slavery is wrong, yet he holds slaves and refuses to release them, making him a hypocrite whose morals are right, mainlyRead MoreUncle Toms Cabin Criticism1016 Words à |à 5 Pages Harriet Beecher Stowe tells stories of different slaveholders apathetic, abusive, and hypocritical actions towards various slaves in her beautifully written novel, Uncle Tomââ¬â¢s Cabin, during the 19th century in order to help convey the true evil behind slavery- no matter the circumstance. The author allows readers to view slavery from seemingly safe environments to hostile settings, and continually shows the bad in every situation. The reality of slavery is shown to anyone willing to read thisRead MoreCity of God Review2043 Words à |à 9 Pages2010 St. Augustineââ¬â¢s work, The City of God, portrays the Roman virtue and describes itââ¬â¢s affect on the manners of the Romans. Though the people did not worship God, St. Augustine points out that God still blessed them by increasing their dominion. In this text, Augustine finds many aspects of the ethos Roman Empire both admirable and problematic. He does this in a way that gives the reader a better understanding on his views of how to live a life dedicated to God. He also shows the problems of livingRead MoreEssay on The Essence Of a Soul659 Words à |à 3 Pagessoul transforming into the after life was established. God was known as a Supreme Being, who gave his creations a soul and free will. But what does this mean? The problem of what exactly ones soul is has been a battle between people throughout time. Although this struggle caused people to abandon their beliefs, great authors like Augustine and Hildegard stuck to their visions and ideas in order to put faith back in to our community. Hildegard of Bingens Scivias offers a convincing definition forRead MoreReasons For St Augustine s Conversion2016 Words à |à 9 Pageswith spirit. St Augustine Biography Info Augustine of Hippo was born on November 13, in AD 354, in Thagaste (modern day Souk Ahras, Algeria), and died on August 28, in AD 430, in modern-day Annaba, Algeria (then known as Hippo Regius). It was in the latter city where he was named Bishop 35 years prior to his death. It is a challenge to encapsulate renowned personalities, and with St. Augustine, this task is even more difficult (Augustine of Hippo). A theologian and philosopher, Augustine dithered betweenRead MoreUncle Tom s Cabin Book Report2048 Words à |à 9 Pagesmerchant Halley. George Shelby is the son of Emily and Arthur Shelby, he treats Tom as a good friend instead of a slave. They both are devout Christian. Mr Shelby is fully trust Tom, because Tom is honest. But not for long, Mr. Shelby has financial problem of his business, and he owed the slave merchant Halley numerous money. He has to sell his slaves to pay debt. Tom is one of them. Analyzing this deal, it shows that slaves are as commodity to sell in that period time. It is against that all peopleRead MoreLead Us Not Into Temptation : What Does It Mean? Essay822 Words à |à 4 Pagesthis article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest The phrase lead us not into temptation is familiar to most Christians. It is from the Lord s Prayer, a prayer given to us by Jesus (Matthew 6:13). But it causes a lot of problems for people trying to understand it. Does God lead us into temptation, and, if He does, who are we to tell Him what to do? The most popular opinion is that the Greek (which has three, rather than two, degreesRead MoreUncle Toms Cabin, by Harriet Beecher Stowe Essay908 Words à |à 4 PagesOn the boat to the slave market, Tom meets a kind little white girl named Eva. When Eva falls into the river, Tom dives in to save her, and her father, Augustine St. Clare, buys him. After Tom has lived with the St. Clares for two years, Eva grew very sick. She slowly dies and St. Clare decides to set Tom free. Before he can set Tom free, St. Clare is stabbed to death while trying to settle a brawl. Tom is then sold to Simon Legree. When Cassy and Emmeline escape and Tom refuses to tell LegreeRead MoreThe Concept Of Evil As It Impacts Our World1371 Words à |à 6 PagesThis paper will look at the concept of evil as it impacts our world. Despite the horrible effects of evil in our world, there is a way to lessen the impact on the lives of individuals. For many centuries Christians have struggled with both the e xistence and the nature of evil. Most people would acknowledge that evil is real and has always had devastating effects on our world. From the sexual abuse of children, to the horrific terrorist attacks on 9/11, evil continues to rear its ugly head in our
Friday, December 27, 2019
Immigration to the United States - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2058 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/02/20 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Oral History Essay Did you like this example? The United States is a nation of immigrants. This makes it essential to review the experiences of immigrants as a way of understanding how these experiences shape the economy of the country. One of the core issues of immigration to the United States is the American dream which makes immigrants relocate to the nation in pursuit of new opportunities and improved life. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Immigration to the United States" essay for you Create order The number of immigrants into the United States continues to grow with the majority coming from Africa and Asia. Immigrants accounted for over 12% of the United States population in the year 2009 (Fishman, 53). More so, American history especially around 1800, immigrants into American have not been identified as Americans as seen Indian-Americans, Mexican-American, Spanish-Americas and so on. Immigrants are expected to assimilate American culture regarding values, and customs fast and shed off their homeland traditions. With this challenge, immigrants have been able to forge a unique identity which has helped them effectively blend with the rest of the American population. African immigrants into the United States are more educated and proficient in English as well as having a higher social-economic status than immigrants from other parts of the globe (Fosco, DD). It has for long been assumed that immigrants come as laborers to improve their lives. Looking at the experience of immigr ants today may shed new light into the issue of immigration. Therefore, this paper examines the experience of immigrants in acculturation to the United States. For this study, I interviewed an immigrant of African decency to establish his perception of acculturation to the United States. Thus, there is a need to have an overview of the interviewee. Therefore, the discussions in this paper rely on oral history conducted on one individual. My interviewee was a twenty-five-year-old man, Timothy, from Nigeriaââ¬â¢s capital Lagos. While still in Nigeria, Timothy had acquired a bachelorââ¬â¢s degree in Economics and Management as well as a Masterââ¬â¢s Degree in Business Management from one of the leading public universities in Nigeria. He now stays in Colorado and is pursuing another masterââ¬â¢s degree from a University in Missouri. Like most students in Africa, Timothy started learning English from a young age and continues to study the language even past high school level. He was also a teacher in college while in Nigeria. Though he has not focused on studying English as a core subject, he was proficient in American university ev en outperforming some of the American students. His choice of coming to the United States was motivated by the financial offer and was more so interested in entering the American culture. Timothy considers returning to Nigeria but coming back to the United States remains a possibility for the future. His class and social status could be viewed as to have been critical in his transition to life in the United States. He maintains a linkage with other Nigerians in the country which maintains ties with his native country. The narration by Timothy and the development of his identity as a Nigerian-American is not a norm among Nigerian-Americans. Majority of Nigerians in America are a working class and strive hard for survival. According to Brown and Marie, 989), the migration from Nigeria is meant to escape poverty, hunger, extremism and also for job opportunities. More than 60 percent of Nigerians live below the United Nations poverty line with the majority of the population unemployment or the lucky ones, underemployed. As indicated, he is educated and still pursuing a Masterââ¬â¢s degree. This means that in his stay, he has not experienced hostility as other migrants who came earlier or those who came primarily for jobs. Timothyââ¬â¢s choice of immigration was for a personal goal. He applied for a scholarship hence his moving to the United States was a deliberate and showed concerted effort. Research indicates that the level of voluntary or involuntary migration affects the level and rate of acculturation to a new culture. When immigration is involuntary, it forces an immigrant to forced status against their will. It forms an act of forced assimilation which results in marginalization and hence discrimination and social subordination. On the other hand, voluntary migration, the reception to cultural maintenance is lower. The other aspect that affects timothy is the perception of opportunity in the United States. Core to this is the American dream which he regards as the essence of having a good job, beautiful house, good car and enjoying the necessary luxuries. On the same not, motivation to studying English for Timothy was ingrown from a young age as his parents were travelers. His mother encouraged him to study English as the language would help him communicate anywhere in the world. I also enquired to Timothy about acculturation and acculturation stress in the United States. This rose as I inquired about what inspired them for being in the United States for the first time. He expressed that he was already exposed to the United States lifestyle through media. But for him, the reality was different from what was portrayed in media. Regarding acculturative stress, he said that throughout his life, he was learned of culture. He says that he had an idea of the enormous gaps between cultures. On the other hand, culture shock, which are that initial difficulty when arriving at a new culture. For him, the difference was that America was more of cities and development. He says that this was a shift from a small town into a developed city. We further discussed on his expectations on coming to the United States as based on media portrayals. Timothy developed his perception of the United States from watching American programs. These experiences shaped his understanding of the United States. From his description of the United States expectations, Timothy was living in a misconception. For instance, in the programs, America is portrayed as more of suburbs and cities with buildup areas. This was different from where he lives in America as it is a smaller town. The rush and craziness of the city in films and programs do not exist or not as in the movies. Another critical aspect of immigration was language proficiency. Though Timothy is fluent in English, he still finds a difficulty in communicating with natives; majorly due to accent. Nigerian Community in the United States Today, the number of Nigerian-owned business in America is higher compared to twenty years ago. There is a substantial number of restaurants, clubs as well as cultural events not to mention Nigerian themed businesses and church. The increase in these social amenities serves to point at the significance of the number of Nigerians abroad. It also suggests that Nigerians are inclined into staying in the state. This can further be supported by the events that more Nigerians are buying houses and paying taxes as well as sending their children to American schools (Fosco, Daily Dose). The booming number of Nigerians in the United States is looking to engage in business both internationally and locally. More people are setting up businesses in the United States rather than their home countries even with steady economic improvement in those countries. Nigerian nationals are looking to improve on their abilities and talents as well as resources for them to effectively compete in a global economy. With the increasing number of Nigerians in the United States, there has been a developed class of Nigerian-Americans. For instance, Timothy is pursuing a Masterââ¬â¢s Degree and holds yet another Masterââ¬â¢s Degree. The education status among Nigerians makes a professional class with contributes to the development of the identity. The proliferation of Nigerian-owned and themed businesses, restaurants, clubs, and the festival has shown, it has helped immigrants maintain strong connections with their country of origin. But oneââ¬â¢s relationship to homelands both past and present can be affected by circumstances surrounding oneââ¬â¢s migration, as the example of Timothy migration demonstrates. Apart from the experiences described above, there are push or pull factors that make an individual migrate to another nation. These can be viewed as the factors that compelled Timothy to come to the United States. One of the factors that contribute to Nigerians coming to the United States is family. I Nigeria, there is the threat of terror group, Boko Haram and which has been waging wars and kidnaping people on the country. The move, in this case, can be viewed as a way to safeguarding own security. The grave danger from the terror group would lead to a self-imposed exile. For, however, education was the core reasoning for migration. The United States offers better education and opportunities that home country. Acquiring education from the United States means that he would be in higher demand in his home country (Duany, 156). The Chronology website relates the transitioning in identity for Timothy as to have been greatly influenced by his academic credentials. This is because education is setting for personal growth, it would have become an essential instrument in the transition of Timothy. The notion of white supremacy to him does not exist as he fairs better than most of his white learners. His academic successes and skills, therefore, helped in setting him apart of the rest of the population and aided in his integration in a white society. Further, exposure to the English language from earlier ages made him ready to face a different culture. He is able to fit in the American society seamlessly. Though it is required that he returns to his home country, he is looking forward to returning and continuing the identity with the English language. Identity Timothy has lived in the United States for three years. In that time, he has not managed to return home. This has led him into perceiving that he is part of the mainstream American population (Dodd, NCAAFB). Despite this, he still connects with his backyard in Nigeria and has contact with Nigerian heritage. He still has hope for returning home and improving their status. In his stay in the United States, Timothy has developed duplicity of identity. He is not Nigerian any more, and he is American too. He still holds in high regard his Nigerian growing and says those cannot be left behind. Throughout the interview, he described himself as American and Nigerian. He yearns of returning to Nigeria as, though he has American perceptions, he argues that he is Nigerian all way. He noted that he felt distinctly American. Considering his official residence status, the process took time as he came to the United States using an education Visa. He says that he would very much like to naturalize, but he is afraid of being said to be a traitor to his homeland. If he chooses to remain in the United States, it would be a choice he would not regret having made. He continues to say despite having African decency. He says that blacks should stick together. The culture in the United States and Nigeria seems similar hence there would be no need for them to separate based on country of origin (Knight et al., 843). It is common that in identity, a person will identify with nationality first then region but for Timothy, the region comes first and nationality second. Conclusion This paper has expounded on the factors that contribute to the development of immigrant identity. For some immigrants, they view themselves as neither mixed not fixed, but they are dynamic in that they can fit in two or more cultures. The story of Timothy may not be unique when it comes to immigrants, but it illustrates how oneââ¬â¢s community, class, networks, educator and language can impact on a personââ¬â¢s experiences and immigration circumstances. These factors contribute to shaping a sense of shared identity. It can be argued that the development of an American ââ¬â Nigerian identity is not an issue of transition, but rather an issue of connection with Nigerian background. The number of Nigerians in the United States is also ballooning which has contributed to the formation of association linking Nigerian nationals in the United States. The association makes him enjoy the privilege of riding in his Nigerian heritage. His social status and education contributed immen sely in fitting in the American society. His education and English language proficiency contributed to his eventual assimilation in American society. The experience in American perhaps helped him in developing a sense of shared identity between American and Nigerian.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)