Immigration to the United States - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2058 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/02/20 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Oral History Essay Did you like this example? The United States is a nation of immigrants. This makes it essential to review the experiences of immigrants as a way of understanding how these experiences shape the economy of the country. One of the core issues of immigration to the United States is the American dream which makes immigrants relocate to the nation in pursuit of new opportunities and improved life. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Immigration to the United States" essay for you Create order The number of immigrants into the United States continues to grow with the majority coming from Africa and Asia. Immigrants accounted for over 12% of the United States population in the year 2009 (Fishman, 53). More so, American history especially around 1800, immigrants into American have not been identified as Americans as seen Indian-Americans, Mexican-American, Spanish-Americas and so on. Immigrants are expected to assimilate American culture regarding values, and customs fast and shed off their homeland traditions. With this challenge, immigrants have been able to forge a unique identity which has helped them effectively blend with the rest of the American population. African immigrants into the United States are more educated and proficient in English as well as having a higher social-economic status than immigrants from other parts of the globe (Fosco, DD). It has for long been assumed that immigrants come as laborers to improve their lives. Looking at the experience of immigr ants today may shed new light into the issue of immigration. Therefore, this paper examines the experience of immigrants in acculturation to the United States. For this study, I interviewed an immigrant of African decency to establish his perception of acculturation to the United States. Thus, there is a need to have an overview of the interviewee. Therefore, the discussions in this paper rely on oral history conducted on one individual. My interviewee was a twenty-five-year-old man, Timothy, from Nigeria’s capital Lagos. While still in Nigeria, Timothy had acquired a bachelor’s degree in Economics and Management as well as a Master’s Degree in Business Management from one of the leading public universities in Nigeria. He now stays in Colorado and is pursuing another master’s degree from a University in Missouri. Like most students in Africa, Timothy started learning English from a young age and continues to study the language even past high school level. He was also a teacher in college while in Nigeria. Though he has not focused on studying English as a core subject, he was proficient in American university ev en outperforming some of the American students. His choice of coming to the United States was motivated by the financial offer and was more so interested in entering the American culture. Timothy considers returning to Nigeria but coming back to the United States remains a possibility for the future. His class and social status could be viewed as to have been critical in his transition to life in the United States. He maintains a linkage with other Nigerians in the country which maintains ties with his native country. The narration by Timothy and the development of his identity as a Nigerian-American is not a norm among Nigerian-Americans. Majority of Nigerians in America are a working class and strive hard for survival. According to Brown and Marie, 989), the migration from Nigeria is meant to escape poverty, hunger, extremism and also for job opportunities. More than 60 percent of Nigerians live below the United Nations poverty line with the majority of the population unemployment or the lucky ones, underemployed. As indicated, he is educated and still pursuing a Master’s degree. This means that in his stay, he has not experienced hostility as other migrants who came earlier or those who came primarily for jobs. Timothy’s choice of immigration was for a personal goal. He applied for a scholarship hence his moving to the United States was a deliberate and showed concerted effort. Research indicates that the level of voluntary or involuntary migration affects the level and rate of acculturation to a new culture. When immigration is involuntary, it forces an immigrant to forced status against their will. It forms an act of forced assimilation which results in marginalization and hence discrimination and social subordination. On the other hand, voluntary migration, the reception to cultural maintenance is lower. The other aspect that affects timothy is the perception of opportunity in the United States. Core to this is the American dream which he regards as the essence of having a good job, beautiful house, good car and enjoying the necessary luxuries. On the same not, motivation to studying English for Timothy was ingrown from a young age as his parents were travelers. His mother encouraged him to study English as the language would help him communicate anywhere in the world. I also enquired to Timothy about acculturation and acculturation stress in the United States. This rose as I inquired about what inspired them for being in the United States for the first time. He expressed that he was already exposed to the United States lifestyle through media. But for him, the reality was different from what was portrayed in media. Regarding acculturative stress, he said that throughout his life, he was learned of culture. He says that he had an idea of the enormous gaps between cultures. On the other hand, culture shock, which are that initial difficulty when arriving at a new culture. For him, the difference was that America was more of cities and development. He says that this was a shift from a small town into a developed city. We further discussed on his expectations on coming to the United States as based on media portrayals. Timothy developed his perception of the United States from watching American programs. These experiences shaped his understanding of the United States. From his description of the United States expectations, Timothy was living in a misconception. For instance, in the programs, America is portrayed as more of suburbs and cities with buildup areas. This was different from where he lives in America as it is a smaller town. The rush and craziness of the city in films and programs do not exist or not as in the movies. Another critical aspect of immigration was language proficiency. Though Timothy is fluent in English, he still finds a difficulty in communicating with natives; majorly due to accent. Nigerian Community in the United States Today, the number of Nigerian-owned business in America is higher compared to twenty years ago. There is a substantial number of restaurants, clubs as well as cultural events not to mention Nigerian themed businesses and church. The increase in these social amenities serves to point at the significance of the number of Nigerians abroad. It also suggests that Nigerians are inclined into staying in the state. This can further be supported by the events that more Nigerians are buying houses and paying taxes as well as sending their children to American schools (Fosco, Daily Dose). The booming number of Nigerians in the United States is looking to engage in business both internationally and locally. More people are setting up businesses in the United States rather than their home countries even with steady economic improvement in those countries. Nigerian nationals are looking to improve on their abilities and talents as well as resources for them to effectively compete in a global economy. With the increasing number of Nigerians in the United States, there has been a developed class of Nigerian-Americans. For instance, Timothy is pursuing a Master’s Degree and holds yet another Master’s Degree. The education status among Nigerians makes a professional class with contributes to the development of the identity. The proliferation of Nigerian-owned and themed businesses, restaurants, clubs, and the festival has shown, it has helped immigrants maintain strong connections with their country of origin. But one’s relationship to homelands both past and present can be affected by circumstances surrounding one’s migration, as the example of Timothy migration demonstrates. Apart from the experiences described above, there are push or pull factors that make an individual migrate to another nation. These can be viewed as the factors that compelled Timothy to come to the United States. One of the factors that contribute to Nigerians coming to the United States is family. I Nigeria, there is the threat of terror group, Boko Haram and which has been waging wars and kidnaping people on the country. The move, in this case, can be viewed as a way to safeguarding own security. The grave danger from the terror group would lead to a self-imposed exile. For, however, education was the core reasoning for migration. The United States offers better education and opportunities that home country. Acquiring education from the United States means that he would be in higher demand in his home country (Duany, 156). The Chronology website relates the transitioning in identity for Timothy as to have been greatly influenced by his academic credentials. This is because education is setting for personal growth, it would have become an essential instrument in the transition of Timothy. The notion of white supremacy to him does not exist as he fairs better than most of his white learners. His academic successes and skills, therefore, helped in setting him apart of the rest of the population and aided in his integration in a white society. Further, exposure to the English language from earlier ages made him ready to face a different culture. He is able to fit in the American society seamlessly. Though it is required that he returns to his home country, he is looking forward to returning and continuing the identity with the English language. Identity Timothy has lived in the United States for three years. In that time, he has not managed to return home. This has led him into perceiving that he is part of the mainstream American population (Dodd, NCAAFB). Despite this, he still connects with his backyard in Nigeria and has contact with Nigerian heritage. He still has hope for returning home and improving their status. In his stay in the United States, Timothy has developed duplicity of identity. He is not Nigerian any more, and he is American too. He still holds in high regard his Nigerian growing and says those cannot be left behind. Throughout the interview, he described himself as American and Nigerian. He yearns of returning to Nigeria as, though he has American perceptions, he argues that he is Nigerian all way. He noted that he felt distinctly American. Considering his official residence status, the process took time as he came to the United States using an education Visa. He says that he would very much like to naturalize, but he is afraid of being said to be a traitor to his homeland. If he chooses to remain in the United States, it would be a choice he would not regret having made. He continues to say despite having African decency. He says that blacks should stick together. The culture in the United States and Nigeria seems similar hence there would be no need for them to separate based on country of origin (Knight et al., 843). It is common that in identity, a person will identify with nationality first then region but for Timothy, the region comes first and nationality second. Conclusion This paper has expounded on the factors that contribute to the development of immigrant identity. For some immigrants, they view themselves as neither mixed not fixed, but they are dynamic in that they can fit in two or more cultures. The story of Timothy may not be unique when it comes to immigrants, but it illustrates how one’s community, class, networks, educator and language can impact on a person’s experiences and immigration circumstances. These factors contribute to shaping a sense of shared identity. It can be argued that the development of an American – Nigerian identity is not an issue of transition, but rather an issue of connection with Nigerian background. The number of Nigerians in the United States is also ballooning which has contributed to the formation of association linking Nigerian nationals in the United States. The association makes him enjoy the privilege of riding in his Nigerian heritage. His social status and education contributed immen sely in fitting in the American society. His education and English language proficiency contributed to his eventual assimilation in American society. The experience in American perhaps helped him in developing a sense of shared identity between American and Nigerian.

It/242 Week 9 FInal - 1083 Words

Wan Design Your Name IT/242 Your Instructor Name 12/22/2013 Wan Design In this scenario I will be providing information associated with the creation of a WAN for ACME Manufacturing. This business has several locations spread out all over America and requires a WAN to connect their locations in America with their newly build plant in China. With the headquarters and engineering offices in Atlanta, which are right across the street from each other, the plan would make sense to connect all communication here. There are also distribution offices in New York, Chicago, and Phoenix which will have to be connected to this network to attend the weekly company meetings and have access to information†¦show more content†¦Routers and switches will be utilized to route network signals to all areas of this large network. Telephony systems will be introduced to serve the VOIP located at each location to assist with communication needs. Wireless technologies will also be needed to assist with mobility and other devices such as printers, laptops, fax mach ines, etc. Lastly, a physical firewall will be enforced at each location to protect the network from internal and external intruders. The wireless technologies for ACME Manufacturing will be specific to the needs of the company. For example the teleconferencing between the six locations may require wireless webcams and headsets which will need to be ran on a wireless signal. These technologies may also need to utilize the satellite signals to better communicate across large physical distances. Wi-Fi may also be introduced within each building to increase mobility and productivity. The Wi-Fi technologies will be worth it because the benefit will outweigh the extra cost as the technology is easy to set up and maintain. The Router protocols implemented will be a OSPF which stands for (open shortest path first). 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Sparta Vs Athens Essay Research Paper Sparta free essay sample

Sparta Vs Athens Essay, Research Paper Sparta and Athens # 8211 ; Explain and Contrast Both Sparta and Athens were Grecian city states. Sparta was a rigorous military ruled city state where the people established themselves as a military power early. However Athens was more of a political city state that was more involved with their economical stature than their military forces. Still changes from the Iranian wars would alter the powers of the city state and slightly unite them. Sparta was a rigorous military city state. The people were Dorians who conquered Laconia. This part lies in the Peloponnesus, which lied in southern Greece. The encroachers turned the conquered people into province owned slaves, called serfs. Since the serfs greatly outnumbered their swayers, Spartans established a rigorous and barbarous system of control. The Spartan authorities had two male monarchs and a council of seniors who advised the sovereign. An assembly made up of all citizens approved all major determinations. We will write a custom essay sample on Sparta Vs Athens Essay Research Paper Sparta or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page From child-hood, a Spartan prepared to be portion of the military. All newborn were examined and the healthy lived and the sickly were left to decease. Spartans wanted future soldiers or female parents of soldiers to be healthy. At the age of seven, male childs trained for a life-time in the Spartan military. They moved to the barracks and endured brutal and extended preparation. Athinais was located in Attica, merely North of the Peloponnesus. As in many Grecian city states, Athenian authorities evolved from a monarchy into an nobility. Around 700 B.C. , baronial landholders chose the head of ficials. Lords judged major instances in tribunal and dominated the assembly. Athenian wealth and power grew under the nobility. Yet discontent spread over the common mans. Merchants and soldiers resented the power of the Lords and argued that their services to Athens entitled them to more rights. As discontent spread the authorities easy moved towards a democracy. Solon, one of Athens greatest leaders, made many reforms such as criminalizing debt bondage. And freed those who had already been sod into bondage due to debt. Solon encouraged the export of olive oil and other such merchandises, helping to the economic system. The Persian war brought monolithic alteration to the people of both Sparta and Athens. The Persians were great vanquishers who crushed Rebel metropoliss with easiness. King Darius sent a big force to penalize Athens with its intervention. The Iranian ground forces landed at Marathon where Athenian forces attacked. Though they were outnumbered 2 to 1 they emerged winning. Athinais had convinced Sparta and other city states to fall in them in their conflicts. The Persians launched another onslaught and they were met with a little group of Spartans who fought manus and dentition and emerged winning. This established Athens as the most powerful city state. Although Athens and Sparta believed in two wholly different signifiers of authorities, It was Sparta non Athens who emerged winning. Athens manner of economic system led them to a aureate age while the Spartans still trained in their rough military life style and the Iranian wars did keep an huge alteration on the people of both Sparta and Athens.

Leaf Disc Experiment Essay Example

Leaf Disc Experiment Essay Photosynthesis is a process of converting light energy (trapped by chlorophyll) to chemical energy, and stores it in bonds of sugar. Photosynthesis occurs in two stages; the light (light dependant) stage and the dark (light independent) stage. The light energy is used to split water molecules, and all the colours of while light are absorbed by pigments in the chloroplasts (chlorophyll-containing plastid found in algal and green plant cell). The breakup of water releases oxygen electrons, and protons: Electrons move to the chlorophyll (green pigment) while protons are stored in the chloroplast and the oxygen is used for aerobic respiration for the plant or ejected into the atmosphere. The high speed electrons and the stored protons combine with CO2 to form glucose. 6H2O + 6CO2 C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2 (Water + Carbon Dioxide Glucose + Water + Oxygen) Photosynthesis takes place predominately in plant leaves; rarely in plant stems. The cells in these leafs store cyclical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules by breaking the energy bonds to release glucose. We will write a custom essay sample on Leaf Disc Experiment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Leaf Disc Experiment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Leaf Disc Experiment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This glucose is used as fuel for performing cellular processes, and Eucalypt trees even produce their own food through photosynthesis, by using energy trapped to use for its own life processes. Throughout this experiment, the buoyancy of the leaves was the main indicator. At first, the leaves in the syringe floated, as they were already carrying oxygen from photosynthesising in a natural environment. The syringe acted as a plunge to remove excess oxygen causing leaves to sink. Sodium bicarbonate will replace the naturally occurring carbonate ions for the purpose of the experiment. This speeds up the reaction and release of carbon dioxide gas. 0 discs of each sample of eucalyptus will be placed in different concentrations of sodium bicarbonate, and placed under an energy source which in this situation is a projector light, making it a light dependant reaction. Research Question: Is there a variation in rate of photosynthesis between different species for eucalyptus? Aim: To use the le ad disk method to measure photosynthesis in 3 species of eucalyptus trees, Hypothesis: If the eucalyptus disk rises quickly then the rate of photosynthesis will be higher because photosynthesis produces oxygen, causing buoyancy Apparatus: * Sieve * Glass beaker X3 Eucalyptus leaves (3 types) * Syringe * Deionised Water * Sodium bicarbonate solution * Hole Puncher * Light projector * Stopwatch Methodology 1. Prepare 25Ml syringe with 20 ML of deionised water. 2. Select 3 different types of eucalyptus and using a hole punch create 10 leaf discs of each species avoiding veins and ensuring to keep species separated and labelled. 3. Place the first species 10 discs into the syringe. 4. Draw back plunger holding finger over syringe opening, holding with tip upwards, release oxygen and repeat until all leaf disks are settled on the rubber plug surface of syringe. 5. Empty syringe contents into sieve, disposing of water, but moving the leaf discs into the three beakers. 6. Fill three beakers with 30Ml of NaHCO3 in each and allow leaves to sink to the bottom of the solution. 7. Place all three beakers beneath the projector light (energy source) in synchronisation, starting the stopwatch. 8. Stop the stopwatch once all ten discs have reached the surface for a particular species, and repeat until all 3 species are floating. Record results Note well: All species must be placed beneath the same light at the same time so that heat and light variables are held constant. Variable| Type| Method| Light intensity| Controlled Variable| Putting all beakers under light at same time| Size of beaker| Controlled Variable| Used 3 40ml beakers| Circumference of leaf discs| Controlled Variable| Hole punch| Amount of NaHCO3| Controlled Variable| 30ml| Types of Leaves| Independent Variable| 3 different species, all discs from same leaf| Rate of photosynthesis(time)| Dependant Variable| Stopwatch| Results Disc #| 0%| 2%| 4%| 6%| 8%| 10%| 1| | 315| 207| 221| 174| 81| 2| | 327| 229| 321| 176| 83| 3| | 338| 242| 336| 206| 99| 4| | 353| 299| 348| 214| 154| | | 431| 330| 540| 241| 157| 6| | 382| 351| 373| 191| 171| Average| | 377| 276| 377| 200. 3| 144| Discussion The graph above shows huge range in results, clearly displaying how photosynthesis rates can differ greatly even within the same plant. The time of Eucalyptus Globulus (21:00. 02) was almost double the time of the fastest species to photosynthesise: Eucalyptus Viminalis (11. 04. 30). However the cause for this range cannot be proven. E. Globulus could have a higher density or thickness than E. Viminalis, therefore it takes longer for discs to float. It could also be that E. Viminalis contains more chlorophyll and therefore increasing the rate of oxygen uptake. There are several issues with the way in which this experiment was carried out and subsequent variables overlooked: * Before leaves were introduced to heat (projector) the temperature of the deionised water and sodium bicarbonate were not controlled across all three beakers * Experiment was only undertaken once, therefore higher chance of error in result * All 10 discs were used in the results, also ensuing in a higher chance of error to occur * Timing was ineffective and too broad; ‘lap’s’ should have been taken each ime a disc rose. * To quicken the experiment, more sodium bicarbonate could’ve been used to make results more relative Should the experiment be repeated in future, possibly more leaves should be tested from each species; i. e. 3 species, 3 leaves used of each species, 10 discs out of each leaf. Conclusion In conclusion, the aim was correct as photosynthesis occurred in all leaf discs and was measured appropriately. In response to the hypothesis, it is possible that Eucalyptus Viminalis had the fastest rate of photosynthesis because all discs rose in the shortest amount of time because of higher levels of buoyancy. However this could be argued with more precise timing and repetition of experiment as mentioned in the discussion.